The performance and effect of two types of tillage systems on the growth and yield of hard wheat: A comparative study

The experiment was carried out in one of the farmers’ fields of Kirkuk irrigation project for the year 2021-2022 in order to study the performance of two types of tillage systems (tillage and non-tillage). Three levels of speed gear shifter were used, which were randomly distributed over the main sectors (5-5.5, 6-6.5, 7-7.5) km/h. The crop used in farming was Triticum durum wheat. The results showed a clear superiority of the factor (non-tillage) over (tillage) in all the studied properties, which were the density of spikes / m2, number of grains / spike, weight of 1000 grains (g), grain yield (kg/hectare), slide rate %, and the actual field productivity of the machine (acres/hour). ). As for the tillage system, it reached (322.55 m2, 49.78, 43.73 g, 3579.26 kg/ha and 6.71 acres/hour) respectively, except for the sliding rate, which was higher in the tillage system by (2.48%)%. As for the speed gear shifter, the speed gear of seeding was affected by all the studied properties, which reached (379.29) m2, (53.50), (44.47) g, (4462.8) kg/acres, (1.15)% and (6.98) acres/hour. As for the interactions between the system with tillage, non-tillage, and tillage with the speed gears used in the sowing process, they were superior in all the studied properties by (447.96) m2, (65.15), (55.56) g, (4700.1) kg/hectare, (0.53)% and (9.43) acres\hour.