Nigeria’s North East Conflict and International Diplomacy

This study explores the intricate war in Northeast Nigeria, which is mainly being led by Boko Haram and other insurgent groups. It also looks at the functions and efficacy of foreign diplomacy in resolving this protracted situation. The research highlights the complex character of the conflict and its terrible humanitarian effects, such as extensive displacement, human rights violations, and socioeconomic disruption, by examining historical, sociopolitical, and economic aspects. To comprehend their contributions and reactions to the conflict, important actors like the Nigerian government, local communities, foreign organisations, and rebel groups are closely examined. The study highlights various diplomatic and peace-building efforts, including those by the United Nations, regional organizations like ECOWAS and the African Union, and key international players such as the United States and the European Union. Despite notable interventions, challenges such as inefficiencies, political and economic interests, sovereignty issues, and sustainability concerns persist, hindering the effectiveness of international diplomacy. Prospects for peace and stability are discussed, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive and inclusive approaches that integrate governance reforms, socio-economic development, and enhanced regional cooperation. The role of grassroots movements and local initiatives is also acknowledged as critical to building resilience and fostering long-term peace. Based on these insights, the study offers policy recommendations for various stakeholders, including strengthening governance structures, improving coordination among international actors, and supporting local peace-building efforts. Future research directions are suggested, focusing on impact assessment, intervention effectiveness, radicalization processes, and the interplay between climate change and conflict dynamics.