Biological control mechanisms of Trichoderma species to induce resistance in Leguminous plants

when plant is functionally not normal, it is diseased, A plant's aberrant functioning usually results in a decline in yield quality and quantity, the result of interaction of a plant environment is disease, and it is frequently influenced by abiotic and biotic factors (temperature, humidity, microorganisms, etc.) this is detected as signals for the mechanisms activation of response of plant. Leguminous plants, for example, are affected by a varied variety of fungal pathogen such as Fusarium spp., Sclerotinia spp., Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Botrytis spp.) resulting in significant economic losses for certain crops.

The use of chemical synthesis fungicides is one method of disease control. Its application to the soil directly or on the seed can be beneficial against fungi that harm crops during or soon after germination by reducing their incidence and improving plant emergence. Fungicide applications intended at preventing yellowing, wilting and root rot are harm caused by fungi, on the other hand, are frequently inefficient and impractical due to the huge amount of soil to which they need be directed, the use of biocontrol agents as a technique to control infectious diseases of legume, primarily fungi caused those, can lessen the negative impacts of plant pathogens while also promoting beneficial responses in the plant. Biocontrol agents are thought to have distinct advantages over synthetic fungicides, such as fewer non-target and environmental effects, efficacy against fungicide-resistant infections, lower development of resistance risk, and use in organic farming circumstances where synthetic fungicides are prohibited, theses done by many mechanisms called biological control mechanisms which consist of two ways Direct biological control and Indirect biological control.