Land Dispute Between Farmers and Army in Urutsewu, Kebumen, Central Java

Land as a natural resource for the community has a vital role in life. Everything about land has been regulated in the 1945 Constitution Article 33 paragraph (3) and Law no. 5 of 1960 on Agrarian Affairs. One of the prolonged agrarian conflicts in Indonesia is the conflict between farmers and the army in Urutsewu, Kebumen Regency. This article will discuss the root causes of the Urutsewu conflict and the process of the Urutsewu conflict by dividing it into three periods, namely the beginning, the middle (the peak of the conflict), and the end (the resolution). The method used in this paper is descriptive qualitative, the data obtained through literature study. The theory used in this article is the social class theory of Karl Marx which describes the vertical conflict between the proletariat (Low-class people) and the bourgeoisie (the upper class). The study's results found that the cause of the Urutsewu conflict was a dispute over land ownership, the resolution of which was through negotiation or deliberation involving the conflicting parties. The Urutsewu conflict has similarities with problems in other areas, such as the peasant conflict in Semarang, Kendal, and the Pagilaran peasant movement, which both involved farmers against the upper class.