Heavy Lead Metal Determination Concentration in Cheese

The concentration of the heavy element lead in cheese samples was investigated using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. 72 random samples from six country groups (Iran, Iraq, Egypt, Turkey, Hungary, and Saudi Arabia) available in Iraqi markets were collected. Pb concentration rates in cheese samples were discovered. The non- carcinogenic risk parameters for health from the accumulation of Pb, such as daily Pb metal intake (), the Pb target hazard quotient (), and the Pb carcinogenic risk () were revealed. The highest average Pb metal level in the samples was found in Iranian cheese, while the lowest was in Iraqi ones. The descending Pb order of the countries was Iran > Egypt > Turkey > Saudi Arabia > Hungary > Iraq, according to the T-test confirmation. The  , , and   values were less than the permissible and risk values. Eventually, the health risk parameters revealed that there are no pose risks from those cheeses to Iraqi consumers.