Effect of local anaesthetic buffering on haemodynamic stability in normotensive patients undergoing routine dental extractions

Background

Alteration in haemodynamics with local anaesthetic (LA) buffering has not been confirmed. This was a double-blind randomised study conducted to compare the haemodynamic changes after administration of buffered and, non-buffered LA in inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for routine extractions of permanent mandibular molars.

Methodology

This study was carried out at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto from June 2020 to January 2022. After obtaining ethical approval from the ethics and research committee of the institution, all consented patients aged 18 years and above who met the selection criteria were randomized into Buffered and nonbuffered groups as A and B respectively. Baseline vital parameters were recorded after 5 minutes of patients settling down. Thereafter, the inferior alveolar nerve block was administered and vital parameters (SPB=systolic blood pressure, DBP= diastolic blood pressure, RR=respiratory rate, and, SPO2= oxygen saturation) were measured at 10minutes 20minute and, 30minutes. Data recorded were analyzed using SPSS version 21.

Results

There were 59 (54.6%) males and 49 (45.4%) females in the age range of 18 to 74 years with a mean±SD of 38.7±14.6 years. Both groups showed no significant difference in mean systolic blood pressure in assessing SBP10 (p=0.490) SBP20 (p=0.210) and, SBP30 (p=0.427). Similarly, a comparison of DBP, RR, and, SPO2 at 10 minutes, 20 minutes and, 30minutes yielded no statistically significant difference.

Conclusion

There was no significant difference in haemodynamic stability of participants when buffered and, non-buffered LA was compared. More clinical studies are required to draw clear conclusions.