E ISSN: 2583-049X
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International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies

Volume 3, Issue 3, 2023

Chemical Analysis and Determination of the Cytotoxicity Juglans Regia L. Shell Extract with Cisplatin Drug



Author(s): Thaer Sadeq Baqer, Naser Jawad Kadhim

Abstract:

The history of the walnut tree dates back to 7000 B.C. in Asia, making it one of the earliest trees from which people have ever harvested items (Vahdati, 2019) [38]. Different portions of walnuts offer curative or preventative qualities (Mutha, 2015) [25]. Medicine, many underestimate the value of walnuts as an important medicinal plant (Delaviz, 2017) [11]. A qualitative analytical study was conducted to detect the phytochemicals in the ethanolic walnut shell extract using chemical reagents (Meyer, Dragendorf, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, terpenes and saponins), where the results showed the presence of more than one active compound in this extract such as: alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes and glycosides and the absence of saponins. Chemotherapy with cisplatin has been a staple of cancer care (Kelland, 2007) [18]. Cisplatin is a substance that kills cancer cells by creating intra- and inter-strand DNA crosslinks (Wang D. &., 2005) [40]. Cisplatin (CSD) was used as a standard drug in order to comparison with the JRSE. In addition, equal parts of chemotherapy were mixed with the JRSE to find out its toxic activity against certain normal and cancer cell lines and to know the index of interaction. The results showed that cisplatin chemotherapy has a strong to moderate inhibition capacity toward (PC3, A549 and MCF10A cell lines) compared with JRSE, which was characterized by being weakly inhibition after a 24-hour incubation period. Also, the results showed a higher ability of cisplatin to inhibit cell lines (A549 and MCF10A) than (PC3) cell lines. The ability of cisplatin chemotherapy stems from the ability of the treatments that contain platinum in its compounds and their ability to restrict DNA division in cells and thus contribute to cell death (Wang D. &., 2005) [40]. Selectivity index (SI); Juglans regia plus Cisplatin combine (JCP) shows safety index against MCF10 normal cell lines by reduced cisplatin toxicity toward normal cells, which means that JCP reduced the side effects of Cisplatin when they were combined together. JCP showed synergistic results towards PC3 cell line, while showed antagonistic results towards MCF10A cell lines, which means that it increased the inhibition activity against cancer cells and decreased the ability of cisplatin inhibition on normal cells.


Keywords: Juglans Regia Shell Extract, Phytochemical, Cisplatin, Selectivity Index SI, IAI

Pages: 441-444

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